Russia Fighter Jet - It is the PAK FA (Russian: ПАК ФА, abbreviation: Перспективный авиационный комплекс фронтовой авиации, romanized: Перспективный авиационный комплекс фронтовой авиации, started in the Front-9 prospective-Aviats program) MFI (Mikoyan Project 1.44/1.42 ) as a more modern and affordable alternative to Sukhoi's internal aircraft name is T-50. The Su-57 is the first Russian military aircraft to be designed with stealth technology and is expected to become the basis for a family of stealth fighters.
Su-57 is a multi-role fighter capable of air combat as well as land and sea attack, stealth, super maneuverability; super cruise It combines integrated flight and large internal payload capacity.
Russia Fighter Jet
The aircraft is expected to replace the MiG-29 and Su-27 in Russian service and will also be marketed for export. The first prototype aircraft flew in 2010, but the program suffered a long development due to a number of structural and technical problems that arose during testing, including the destruction of the first production aircraft in an accident before the program could be delivered. After several delays, The first Su-57 ended service with the Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS).
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In 1979, the Soviet Union expressed a need for a new generation of fighter jets intended for service in the 1990s. The program became the I-90 (Russian: И-90, abbreviated: Истребитель 1990–х годов, lit. '90s fighters.') and required the fighter to be "multipurpose" (i.e. multi-role) due to its extensive ground attack capabilities, eventually leading to the MiG-29 and Su-27. and need to be replaced in line tactical air service. Two small thesis projects were designed to meet these needs: MFI (Russian: мии, abbreviated: мноtarоtary нционANCEрыйый ый mogoг ий иц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц ц моо moг м и 1983.
Although not part of the MFI, Sukhoi began its own program in 1983 to develop technology for a next-generation fighter, eventually redesigning the experimental S-32 sweeper-wing aircraft as the S-37 and later the Su-47. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, MFI was repeatedly delayed due to lack of funding, and the first flight of the MiG 1.44/1.42 prototype was delayed nine years until 2000.
Due to high costs, the MFI and LFI were eventually scrapped as the Russian Ministry of Defense embarked on a new generation fighter program. In 1999, the ministry launched the PAK FA or I-21 program and the tender was announced in April 2001.
Due to Russia's financial difficulties, it aims to reduce costs by producing a fifth-generation multirole fighter that will replace the Su-27 and MiG-29. Other cost-saving measures include a planned size between the Su-27 and MiG-29, and a significantly lower weight than the MiG MFI's 28.6 tons (63,000 lb) and the Su's 26.8 tons (59,000 lb); £47,000).
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Sukhoi's approach to the PAK FA competition was fundamentally different from Mikoyan's. Mikoyan proposed that the three design departments (Mikoyan, Sukhoi, and Yakovlev) work together as a consortium with a team leading the design effort, but Sukhoi's proposal included an agreement on joint tire development with her own initiative as lead designer. production cycle; From propulsion and propulsion suppliers to research facilities; Also, the two companies had different design philosophies for the aircraft. Mikoyan's E-721 is small and affordable; It is powered by a pair of Klimov VK-10M engines with a typical payload of 16–17 tons (35,000–37,000 lb) and 10–11 tons (98.1–108 lb). , 22, 000–24, 300 lbf) of thrust each. On the contrary, Sukhoi's T-50 will be comparatively larger and more capable, with a typical takeoff weight of 22-23 tons (49,000-51,000 lb) and powered by a pair of Lyulka-Saturn AL-41F1 engines at maximum thrust. 14.5 ton class (142 kN, 32,000 lbf).
In April 2002, the Ministry of Defense won the PAK FA competition and selected Sukhoi and Mikoyan as the lead design agency for the new aircraft.
In addition to the merits of the proposal; Considered Sukhoi's experience in the 1990s with the successful development of several Su-27 clones and exports.
Mikoyan continued to develop his E-721 as the LMFS (Russian: ЛМФС, abbreviated: Лёгкий многофункциональный фронтовой Флав, Light Multifunctional Frontline Aircraft).
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PAK FA's research and development program is called Stolitsa (Russian: Столица, lit.'Capital city'). In 2002, Alexander Davidko was selected as the chief designer of the T-50 at Sukhoi.
Novosibirsk Aircraft Production Association (NAPO) and Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association (KnAAZ) will produce the new multirole fighter, with KnAAZ carrying out final assembly at Komsomol'ssk-on-Amur.
After a tournament held in 2003; Tekhnokompleks Scitific and Production Cter, Ramskoye Instrument Building Design Bureau; Tikhomirov Scientific Research Institute of Instrument Design (NIIP); Ural Optical and Mechanical Plant (UOMZ) in Yekaterinburg; Polet Company in Nizhny Novgorod and Ctral Sciti; The Research Radio Engineering Institute in Moscow was selected for the development of the PAK FA avionics suite. In April 2004, NPO Lyulka-Saturn (now NPO Saturn) was hired as a contractor for AL-41F1 engines with the design name izdeliye 117.
Sukhoi used existing airframes as testbeds for various subsystems and concepts. The Su-47 tested internal weapons, while the Su-27M prototypes served as testbeds for flight control systems and engines.
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To reduce development risk and associated costs, and to fill the gap with existing fourth-generation fighters, Sukhoi implemented some of the T-50's technologies and features in an advanced derivative of the Su-27. The T-10BM (Russian: БМ, abbreviated: большая моднаризника, lit. 'Major Modernization') was purchased by the Russian Ministry of Defense in 2009 and entered service as the Su-35S in 2014.
In December 2004, the T-50's concept design and shape were finalized by the Ministry of Defense. Government funding for the program began in 2005 and increased significantly in 2006, when detailed design was underway.
On August 8, 2007, the Chief of the Russian Air Force, Alexander Zelin, was quoted by Russian news agencies as saying that the development phase of the program had been completed and that the first aircraft would be built for flight tests, with three T-50 prototypes scheduled to fly. It will be built in 2009.
From the early stages of the PAK FA program, Russia sought foreign partners in the project to fund its development and secure large export orders.
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On 18 October 2007, Russia and India signed a contract for Sukhoi and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) to jointly develop a derivative of the PAK FA, called the Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA).
In September 2010, India and Russia agreed on a preliminary design contract that required each country to invest US$6 billion. A memorandum of understanding for the preliminary design was signed in December 2010, and development of the FGFA is expected to take 8-10 years.
However, in 2014, the Indian Air Force's performance, Concerns about cost and division of labor began to be expressed. India eventually withdrew from the partnership in 2018.
Early flights of the T-50 have been repeatedly delayed since early 2007 after unspecified technical issues were resolved. In August 2009, Alexander Zelin acknowledged that the engine and technical research issues had not yet been resolved.
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On 28 February 2009, Sukhoi General Manager Mikhail Pogosyan announced that the fuselage was almost ready and the first prototype should be ready by August 2009.
August 20 In 2009, Pogosyan said that the first flight would be in d. Konstantin Makiyko, deputy head of the Moscow-based Ctre for Strategic and Technical Analysis, said the plane would likely make its first flight in January or February, and it would take five to one year for commercial production. . .
Flight tests were further delayed when Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov announced in December 2009 that the first tests would begin in 2010.
The first taxi test was successfully completed on December 24, 2009, and the first flight of the first prototype aircraft, the T-50-1, took place on January 29. Made in 2010.
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Piloted by Sukhoi test pilot Sergey Bogdan, the 47-minute flight took place at KnAAPO's Dzemgi airport in Russia's Far East.
Building the prototypes will be slower than initially planned. As of October 2013, the test program had accumulated more than 450 flights on five aircraft.
A total of three flying and unflying T-50 prototypes will be built for preliminary flight testing and state trials.
Initially, The program plans to have up to six prototypes before series production. However, Tests would reveal insufficient fatigue life with initial structural cracks in the fuselage.
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Later aircraft increased the use of composites; reinforced airframe to meet life cycle requirements; The structural design was later worked on, with changes including a longer tail "cap" and slightly larger wings. The sixth flight prototype was the first of the redesigned second-stage aircraft. The initial five prototypes were consequently considered "first-stage" vehicles and required additional structural reinforcements to continue flight testing.
The last two flying prototypes are test articles for the production Su-57 aircraft, with full mission systems on board.
A "second-stage" structural retrofit reduces the amount of reinforcement required.
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